Annons
Annons

Laktoperoxidas

Enzymet laktoperoxidas förekommer i olika exokrina vätskor som saliv, tårvätska, bronkiala, nasala och intestinala sekretioner. Laktoperoxidas fungerar som ett prebiotika och bidrar till en friskare tarmflora och ett friskare immunförsvar.

Redaktionen

25 oktober, 2012
Dela inlägget

Laktoperoxidas är ett av de enzymer som ofta förekommer i naturen som en del av den icke-immunologiska skyddsmekanism som förekommer både hos människor och hos djur. Laktoperoxidas förekommer i olika exokrina vätskor som saliv, tårvätska, bronkiala, nasala och intestinala sekretioner. Det förekommer även som ett av de mest dominerande enzymerna i mjölk, kolostrum och i immunoglobuliner från vassleprotein. Laktoperoxidas fungerar som ett prebiotika och bidrar till en friskare tarmflora och ett friskare immunförsvar.

Funktion
Laktoperoxidas skyddar mot mikrobinvasion på slemhinnorna. Laktoperoxidas:
• bildar tillsammans med väteperoxid och tiocyanat ett starkt naturligt antibakteriellt system som kallas laktoperoxidassystemet.
• har en stark antibakteriell aktivitet och motarbetar även virus, jäst, svamp och mögel. De skadar bakteriemembranen och hindrar transporten av näring till bakterien.
• har visad effekt mot: Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus och Bacillus arter, Echerichia coli, Salmonella arter och Pseudomonasarter.
• har ingen negativ eller motverkande effekt på vänliga tarmbakterier som L. acidofilus och L. bifidus.

Dosering
10-100 mg dagligen, utspritt i flera doser
• Små mängder av laktoferrin är naturligt förekommande i kolostrum eller vassleprotein tillskott

Allmänna källor för prebiotika, probiotika

Adlerbert I. et al. ”Intestinal colonisation with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital delivered infants”.
Acta Pediatr Scand, 1991;80:602–10.
Adlerbert I. et al. ”High turn-over rate of Echerichia coli strains in the intestinal flora of infants in Pakistan”.
Epidemiol Infect, 1998;121:587–98.
Ahrné S. et al. ”Modern konservering har ändrat tarmfloran”. Swed Med J, 1997;94:40:3493 –5.
Alm JS. et al. “Atopy in children of families with antroposophic lifestyle”. Lancet, 1999;353:1485 –8.
Anon. “Vaginal Bacteria Implicated in Premature Births”. Infectious Disease News, 1991;19
Gluck U. et al. “Ingested probiotics reduce nasal colonization with pathogenic bacteria […]”. Am J Clin Nutr, 2003;77:2:517–20.
Arnold RR. et al. ”Bactericidal activity of human lactoferrin: sensitivity of a variety of microorganisms”.
Infect Immun, 1980:28:3:893–6.
Arunachalam KD. “Role of bifidobacteria in nutrition, medicine and technology”. Nutr Res, 19:1559-1597.
Bailey PJ. et al. “Inhibitory effect of acidophilus cultured colostrum and milk upon the proliferation of ascites tumor”.
Proc 71st Ann Meet Amer Dairy Sci Assoc, 1979; 41.
Barefoot SF. et al. “Detection and activity of Lactacin B, a Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus”.
Appl Environ Microbiol, 1983;45:1808–15.
Bekkali N. et al. “The role of a probiotics mixture in the treatment of childhood constipation: a pilot study”.
Nutr J , 2007;6:1475–2891–6–17
Bassetti S. et al. “Fungemia with Saccharomyces cerevisiae after treatment with Saccharomyces boulardii”. Am J Med, 1998;105:71–2.
Bengmark S. “Econutrition and health maintenance: A new concept to prevent inflammation, ulceration and sepsis”.
Clin Nutr, 1996;15:1–10.
Bergstedt J. ”Lactobacillus reuteri som probiotisk terapi mot bakteriell vaginit hos avelsråttor, ex. arb”.
2004:19, Veterinärmedicinska fak, SLU.
Bleichner G. et al. ”Saccharomyces boulardii prevents diarrhea in critically ill tube-fed patients. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind
placebo-controlled trial”, Intensive Care Med, 1997;23:517–23.
Bogdanov IG. et al. “Antitumor action of glycopeptides from cell wall of Lactobacillus bulgaricus”.
Bull Exp Biol Med, 1977;84:1750–3.
Borch E. et al. ”Antibacteria effect of the lactoperoxidase/ thiocyanate/hydrogen peroxide system against strains of campylobacter isolated
from poultry”. J Food Protect, 1989:42:91:639–41.
Bruce W. et al. ”Probiotics and the urologist”. Can J Urol. 2003;10:2:1785-9.
Buttram H. ”Overuse of Antibiotics and The Need for Alternatives”. Towns Lett for Doc, 1991:100:867.
Chaitow L. et al. “Probiotics. The Revolutionary, ‘Friendly Bacteria’ Way to Vital Health and Well-being”. Harper Coll, London. 1990.
De Simone C. et al. ”The role of probiotics in modulation of the immune system in man and in animals”. Int J Immunother, 1993;9:23–8.
Ellison RT. et al. ”Damage of the outer membrane of enteric gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin”.
Infect Immun, 1988:56:11:2774–81.
Elmer GW. et al. “Biotherapeutic agents”. JAMA, 1996;275:870–6.
Gibson GR. “Dietary modulation of the human gut microflora using probiotics”. Br J Nutr, 1998;80:209–12.
Gilliand SE. et al. “Antagonistic action of Lactobacillus acidophilus toward intestinal and foodborne pathogens in associative
cultures”. J Food Protect, 1977;40: 820–3.
Gilliand SE. et al. “Factors to consider when selecting a culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus as a dietary adjunct to produce a
hypocholesterolemic effect in humans”. J Dairy Sci, 1990;73:905–11.
Gilliland SE. et al. “Assimilation of Cholesterol by L. acidophilus”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1985;377–81.
Goldin BR. et al. “The effect of milk and lactobacillus feeding on human bacterial enzyme activity”.
Golledge CL. et al. ”Natural therapy for infectious diseases”. Med J Aust, 1996;164:94–5.
Am J Clin Nutr, 1984:39:756–61.
Gorbach SL. et al. “Successful treatment of relapsing Clostridium difficile colitis with Lactobacillus GG”. Lancet, 1987:26:1519.
Hangee-Bauer C. ”Lactobacilli and Human Health”. A Textbook of Natural Medicine, John Bastyr College Publ. USA, 1985.
Hanson LA. et al. “Breast milk and defence against infection in the newborn”. Arch Dis Childh, 1972;47:845–8.
Hendler S. PDR for Nutritional Supplements, Thomson. Montvale, USA, 2001.
Henriksson ÅEK. et al. ”Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with rheumatoid arthritis”. Ann Rheum Dis, 1993;52:503–10.
Heyman M. et al. ”Antigen absorption by the jejunal epithelium of children with cow´s milk allergy”.
J Allerg Clin Immunol, 1988;24:197–202.
Hilton E. et al. ”Ingestion of yoghurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus as prophylaxis for candidal vaginitis”.
Ann Intern Med, 1992;116:353–7.
Hood SK. et al. ”Electron microscopic study of the adherence properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus”. J Food Sci, 1987;52:791–805.
Isolauri E. et al. ”Local immune response measured in blood lymphocytes reflects the clinical reactivity of children with cow´s milk
allergy”. Pediatr Res, 1990;28:582–6.
Isolauri E. et al. ”A human Lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus casei sp strain GG) promotes recovery from acute diarrhea in
children”. Pediatrics, 1991;88:1:90–7.
Jalonen T. ”Identical intestinal permeability changes in children with different clinical manifestations of cow´s milk allergy”.
J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1991;88:737–42.
Kaila ME. et al. “Enhancement of the circulating antibody secreting cell response in human diarrhea by a human Lactobacillus
strain”. Pediatr Res, 1992;32:141–4.
Katke C. ”Intestinal Health”. Nutritional Pearls, 1994:24.
Kawase K. ”Effects of nutrients on the intestinal microflora of infants”. Jpn J Dairy Food Sci, 1982;31:241–3.
Kim JH. et al. ”Oral tolerance to ovalbumine in mice as a model for detecting modulators of the immunologic tolerance to a
specific antigen”. Biol Pharm Bull, 1995;18:854–8.
Kim GS. et al. “Lactobacillus acidophilus as a dietary adjuct for milk to aid lactose digestion in humans”. J Dairy Sci, 66:959–66.
Klaenhammer TR. et al. ”Selection and design of probiotics”. Int J Food Microbio, 1999;50:45–57.
Lidefelt KJ. et al. ”Changes in Periurethral Microflora After Antimicrobila Drugs”. Arch of Dis in Child, 1991;66:683–85.
Loizeau E. “Can antibiotic-associated diarrhea be prevented?” Ann Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1993;29:15–8.
Majamaa H. et al. ”Probiotics; a novel approach in the management of food allergy”. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1997;99:179–86.
Majamaa H. et al. ”Intestinal inflammation in children with atopic eczema: faecal eosinophil cationic protein and tumour necrosis
factor-alpha as non-invasive indicators of food allergy”. Clin Exp Allergy, 1996:26:181–7.
Majamaa H. et al. ”Lactic acid bacteria in the treatment of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis”.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 1995;20:3:333–8.
McDonough. FE. et al. “Modification of sweet acidophilus milk to improve utilization by lactose-intolerant persons”.
Am J Clin Nutr, 1987;45:570–4.

McFarland LV. et al. “A randomized placebo-controlled trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with standard antibiotics
for Clostridium difficile disease”. JAMA, 1994:22-29;271:1913 –8; Erratum, JAMA, 1994;17:272:518
Meduski J. ”Bifidobacteria, A Synopsis of Its Attributes”. Metagenics Educational Department. San Clemente, USA, 1990.
Melnikova VM. et al. ”The chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of opportunistic infections”.
Antibiotiki i Khimioterapiia, 1993;38:44–8.
Metchnikoff E. “The prolongation of life”. Rev. Ed. 1907, Trans. Mitchell C. Heinemann, London, UK.
Mitsuoka T. “Intestinal flora and aging”. Nutr Rev, 1992;50:438 –44; Dairy Sci Abstr, 1974:36:656.
Modler HW. et al. ”Bifidobacteria and bifidogenicfactors”. Can Inst Food Sci Technol J, 1990;23:1:29–41.
Moore WEC. et al. ”Intestinal flora of populations that have a high risk of colon cancer”.
Appl Environ Micrbiol, 1995;61:3202–7.
Moreau MC. et al. ”Effect of the gastrointestinal microflora on induction and maintenance of oral tolerance to ovalbumin in
C3H/HeJ mice”. Infect Immun, 1988;56:2766–8.
Murosaki S. et al. ”Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 suppresses naturally fed antigen-specific IgE production by stimulation of Il-12
production”. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1998;102:57–64.
Mutai M. et al. ”Ecology of Bifidobacterium in the human intestinal flora”. Bifidobacferia Microflora, 1987;6:2:33–41.
Olah A. et al. “Randomized clinical trial of specific lactobacillus and fibre supplement to early enteral nutrition in patients with
acute pancreatitis”. Br J Surg, 2002;89:1103–7.
Oyama N. et al. ”Antibiotic use during infancy promotes a shift in the TH1/TH2 balance toward TH2-dominant immunity in mice”.
J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2001;107:1:153–9.
Paul S. ”Advanced Probiotic Nutrition”, Metagenics Educational Department, San Clemente, USA, 1994.
Perapoch J. et al. ”Fungemia with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in two newborns, only one of whom had been treated with Ultra-
Levura”. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 2000;19:468–70.
Perdigon G. et al. ”Effect on perorally administered lactobacilli on macrophage activity in mice”. Infect Immun, 1986;53:404–10.
Perdigon G. et al. ”Immune system stimulation by probiotics”. J Dairy Sci, 1995;78:1597–606.
Perdigon G. et al. ”Systemic augmentation of the immune response in mice by feeding fermented milks with Lactobacillus casei and
Lactobacillus acidophilus”. Immunology, 1988;63:17 –23.
Perdigon G. et.al. “The oral administration of lactic acid bacteria increases the mucosal intestinal immunity in respons to
enteropathogens”. J Food Protect, 1990;53:404 –10.
Rasic J. ”A Chart of Microorganisms Used as Probiotics”. Natren Educational Department. Westlake Village, USA, 1990.
Rasic JL. “The role of dairy foods containing bifido and acidophilus bacteria in nutrition and health”. N Eur Dairy J, 1983;4:80–8.
Reid G. et al. ”Implantation of Lactobacillus casei var rhamnosus into vagina”. Lancet, 1994;344:1229.
Reid G. ”Investigation of the properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM as a possible probiotic for the urogenital tract”.
Int Dairy J, 2000;10:415–19.
Reiter B. et al. “Lactoperoxidase antibacterial system: natural occurrence, biological functions and practical applications”.
J Food Protect, 1984:47:9:724–32.
Rowland IR. et al. “Effect of Bifidobacterium longum and inulin on gut bacterial metabolism and carcinogen-induced aberrant
crypt foci in rats”. Carcinogenesis, 1998;19:2:281–5.
Saavedra JM. et al. ”Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of
diarrhoea and shedding of rotavirus”. Lancet, 1994;15:344:1046–9.
Sanders ME. et al. “Invited review:the scientific basis of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM functionality as a probiotic”.
J Dairy Sci, 2001;84:319–31.
Santelmann H. “Yeast metabolic products, yeast antigens and yeast as possible triggers for irritable bowel syndrome”.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2005; 17:1:21–26.
Scarpignato C. et al. “Prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea: a clinical pharmacological approach”.
Chemotherapy, 1995;41:48–81.
Schaffri EJ. et al. ”Immunomodulation of human blood cells following the ingestion of lactic acid bacteria”.
J Dairy Sci, 1994;78:491–7.
Schauss A. ”Lactobacillus Acidophilus: Method of Action, Clinical Application, and Toxicity Data”.
J of Advancem in Med, 1990;3: 1–12.
Scheppech W. ”Effects of short chain fatty acids on gut morphology and function”. Gut, 1994;35:535–8.
Schroff K. et al. “Commensal enteric bacteria engender a self-limiting humoral mucosal immune response while permanently
colonizing the gut”. Infect Immun, 1995;63:3904–13.
Shida K. et al. ”Lactobacillus casei inhibits antigen-induced IgE secretion through regulation of cytokine production in murine
splenocyte cultures”. Int Arch Allergy Clin Immuno, 1998;102:278–87.
Shortt C. “The probiotic century:historical and current perspectives”. Trends Food Sci Technol, 1999;10:411-417.
Smirnov VV. et al. “The current concepts of the mechanisms of the therapeutic-prophylactic action of probiotics from bacteria in
the genus bacillus”. Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal, 1993;55:92–112.
Sudo N. et al. ”The requirement of the intestinal bacterial flora for the development of an IgE production system fully susceptible to
oral tolerance induction”. J Immunol, 1997;159:1739–45.
Sullivan A. et al. ”Effect of antimicrobial agents on the ecological balance of human microflora”.
Lancet Infect Dis, 2001;1:2:101–14.
Tejada-Simon MV. et al. ”Ingestion of yoghurt containing Lactobacillus acidaphilus and Bifidobacterium to potentiate
immunoglobulin A responses to cholera toxin in mice”. J Dairy Sci, 1999;82:4:649–60.
Veldman A. ”Probiotics”. Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde, 1992;117:345–8.
Williams CH. et al. “Influence of Dietary Neosugar on Selected Bacterial Groups of the Human Faecal Microbiota”.
Microb Ecol Health Dis, 1994;7:91–7.
Yasui HN. et al.”Detection of Bifidobacterium stains that induse large quantities of IgA”.
Microbiol Ecol Health Dis, 1992;5:155–62.
www.umm.edu

Annons
Annons